Geospatial Analysis of the Distribution of Mangrove Species along the Shoreline in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Robert Etim Ekpenyong *
Department of Geography and Natural Resources Management, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Imoh Ukpong
Department of Geography and Natural Resources Management, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Sola Olajide
Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Idongesit Etuk
Department of Forestry and Wildlife, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Mbotidem Ebong
Department of Geography and Natural Resources Management, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Edidiong Robert Etim
School of Basic Studies, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Mangrove forest is an ecosystem that offers many goods and services which can sustain mankind for eternity. Unfortunately, in Akwa Ibom State, this very important ecosystem is declining because of deforestation arising from over exploitation and development activities in the area.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of mangrove species along the shoreline in Akwa Ibom State using a geospatial approach.
Methodology: Remote sensing, Global Positioning System and Geographical Information Systems techniques were used to determine, map and analyse the locations and distribution of mangrove forest in the area.
Results: The results of the study revealed that most mature stands of the different mangrove species, mainly A. Africana and R. racemosa occur on the braided islands found within the Cross River estuary in Okobo Local Government Area and along the Kwa Iboe Creek in Eastern Obolo Local Government Area.
Conclusion: This study has shown how to map and analyze mangrove at the species level using geospatial technologies. It revealed the actual locations of the two dominant species of mangrove found along the Nigerian shoreline in Akwa Ibom State. With this approach, it is possible to monitor and manage mangrove ecosystem for sustainable goods and service provision, poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation.
Keywords: Geospatial, mangrove species, ecosystem goods and services, remote sensing, geographic information systems.