Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International

Clean Water Demand Estimation and Forecasting in Palopo City South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Volume 26, Issue 12, Page 73-80
DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2022/v26i12652

Abstract


Life is not possible without water, so we need to supply enough water to sustain well in life. Insufficiency of clean water is a major problem for urban communities today. For this reason, it is necessary to estimate the required amount of water. Thisissue will be slowly reduced by planning clean water supply in cities. This study was conducted as a case study in Palopo City, South Sulawesi. The population data is used as a reference when calculating domestic water requirements. The main objective of this study is to measure the clean water needs of community in Palopo City over a forecast period of up to 20 years. As a result of this study, the city of Palopo's water demand in 2027 is 29,510.37 m3/person/day for domestic use and 10,773.95 m3 for non-domestic use including water loss due hydrants and leaks. 31,685.72 m3/person/day for households in 2032, 13,493.76 m3/person/day for ordinary households, 33,744.08 m3/person/day for ordinary households in 2037, 13,884.27 m3/person/day for ordinary households, 35,741.65 m3/person/day for households and 14,183.00 m3/person/day for non-households. The city of Palopo's water production from multiple sources is 65,664.00 m3/day. At the end, it can be concluded that water needs in Palopo City will be quantitatively met by 2042.

Keywords:
  • Clean water
  • population
  • domestic water needs
  • non-domestic water needs

How to Cite

Yunus, S., Muis, R., Anggraini, N., Zainal, Z., Yasin, A., & Zulkifli, . (2022). Clean Water Demand Estimation and Forecasting in Palopo City South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 26(12), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2022/v26i12652

References

Nnorom IC, Ewuzie U, Eze SO. Multivariate statistical approach and water quality assessment of natural springs and other drinking water sources in Southeastern Nigeria. Heliyon. 2019;5:e01123.

Mishra AP, Khali H, Singh S, Pande CB, Singh R, Chaurasia SK. An assessment of in-situ water quality parameters and its variation with Landsat 8 level 1 surface reflectance datasets. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 2021;1-23.

Tyagi S, Sharma B, Singh P, Dobhal, R. Water quality assessment in terms of Water Quality Index. Am. J. Water Resour. 2013;1:34-38.

World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality: Second Addendum; World Health Organization: Geneva, Switzerland;, Recommendations. 2008;1.

Putu N, Artini R, Putu D, Va R, Kadek N, Fujiastuti M. Penelitian Kualitas Air Sungai Balian, Tabanan, Bali Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu. 2018;2(1):25-30.

Tokatli C. Drinking water quality assessment of Ergene River basin (Turkey) by Water Quality Index: Essential and toxic elements. Sains Malays. 2019;48:2071-2081.

Panneerselvam B, Muniraj K, Duraisamy K, Pande C, Karuppannan S, Thomas M. An integrated approach to explore the suitability of nitrate-contaminated groundwater for drinking purposes in a semiarid region of India. Environ. Geochem. Health. 2022:1-17.

Nigam AK, Rahi DC. Estimating Water Demand and Forecasting Water Demand for Year 2041 Jabalpur City. International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology (IJIET). 2016a;7(2):14-21.

Nigam AK, Rahi DC. Analysis of Water Demand and Forecasting Water Demand forYear 2048 Jabalpur City. SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (SSRG– IJCE). 2016b;3(7):37-42.

Abughlelesha SM, Lateh HB. A review and analysis of the impact of population growth on water resources in Libya. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2013;23(7): 965-971.

Mekonnen YA. Population Forecasting for Design of Water Supply System in Injibara Town, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Population. 2018;10(10):54-65.

Tiwari M, Adamowski J, Adamowski K. Water demand forecasting using extreme learning machines. J. Water Land Dev. 2016;28:37–52.

Brentan BM, Luvizotto E Jr., Herrera M, Izquierdo J, Pérez-García R. Hybrid regression model for near real-time urban water demand forecasting. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 2017;309:532-541.

Vonk, E.; Cirkel, D.G.; Blokker, M. Estimating peak daily water demand under different climate change and vacation scenarios. Water. 2019;11: 1874.

De Souza Groppo G, Costa MA, Libânio M. Predicting water demand: A review of the methods employed and future possibilities. Water Supply. 2019;19:2179-2198.

Mala-Jetmarova H, Sultanova N, Savic D. Lost in optimisation of water distribution systems? A literature review of system operation. Environ. Model. Softw. 2017;93:209-254.

Antunes A, Andrade-Campos A, Sardinha-Lourenço A, Oliveira M. Short-term water demand forecasting using machine learning techniques. J. Hydroinform. 2018; 20:1343-1366.

Central Bureau of Statistics the Palopo Municipality. 2022. Palopo Municipality in Figures; 2022.

Newbold, K. B. Population geography: tools and issues. Rowman & Littlefield; 2017.

Giancoli. D.C. Physics: Principles with Application, 6th Edition. Addison-Wesley; 2010.

Decree of the Minister of Settlement and Regional Infrastructure No. 54/KPTS/2001.2001. Guidelines for Minimum Service Standards in Spatial Planning, Housing and Settlements, and Public Works; 2001.

Regional Water Bureau of Palopo City . Annual Report 2022; 2022.

Local Water Company of Palopo City. Annual Report 2022; 2022.

  • 83 times
    PDF Download: 41 times

Download Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.